I-Sucrosekubalwa u-65-70% wokukhiqizwa kukashukela emhlabeni, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza idinga isitimu esiningi nogesi, futhi ikhiqiza izinsalela eziningi ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhiqiza.
Imikhiqizo kanye nezithako zikashukela/sucrose.
Enqubweni yokucubungula umoba, ngaphezu koshukela, ushukela kanye neminye imikhiqizo emikhulu, kukhona i-slag yomoba, udaka, i-black sucrose molasses neminye imikhiqizo emikhulu engu-3.
I-slag yomoba:.
I-slag yomoba iyinsalela yefayibha ngemva kokukhishwa kwejusi kamoba.I-slag yomoba isetshenziswa kahle ekukhiqizeni umanyolo ophilayo.Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-slag yomoba cishe i-cellulose ehlanzekile, cishe ayinazo izakhi, ayiwona umanyolo osebenzayo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwengeza ezinye izakhamzimba, ikakhulukazi izinto ezicebile nge-nitrogen ezifana nohlaza, ubulongwe benkomo, umquba wezingulube nokunye ukuze uphule. phansi.
Ama-Molasses:.
I-Molasses ingusawoti ohlukaniswe kushukela we-C-grade ngesikhathi sokugxilwa kwe-molasses.Isivuno ngethani lama-molasses siphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-4 no-4.5.Ikhishwe efekthri njengemali.Kodwa-ke, ama-molasses angumthombo wamandla omuhle futhi osheshayo wezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene nempilo yenhlabathi ezindundumeni zomquba noma enhlabathini.I-Molasses inesabelo se-carbon-to-nitrogen esingu-27:1 futhi iqukethe cishe u-21% wekhabhoni encibilikayo.Kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukubhaka noma ukukhiqiza i-ethanol njengesithako ekudleni kwezinkomo futhi ibuye ibe ngumanyolo osuselwa ku-molasses.
Iphesenti lemisoco kuma-molasses.
| Cha. | Ukudla okunomsoco. | % |
| 1 | I-Sucrose | 30-35 |
| 2 | I-glucose ne-fructose | 10-25 |
| 3 | Amanzi | 23-23.5 |
| 4 | Okumpunga | 16-16.5 |
| 5 | I-calcium ne-potassium | 4.8-5 |
| 6 | Izinhlanganisela ezingezona ushukela | 2-3 |
| 7 | Okunye okuqukethwe kwamaminerali | 1-2 |
Isihlungi semboni kashukelaudaka:.
Udaka lokuhlunga, insalela eyinhloko yokukhiqizwa kukashukela, insalela yokwelashwa kwejusi kamoba ngokuhlunga, okubalelwa ku-2% wesisindo sokuchotshozwa komoba.Kwaziwa nangokuthi i-sucrose filter mud, i-sucrose slag, ikhekhe lesihlungi se-sucrose, udaka lwesihlungi somoba, udaka lwesihlungi somoba.
Udaka lungabangela ukungcola okukhulu futhi, kwezinye izigayo zikashukela, kuthathwa njengokumoshayo futhi kungabangela ukuphathwa kanye nezinkinga zokugcina zokulahla.Uma ilahlwa ngokuthanda kwayo ingangcolisa umoya namanzi angaphansi komhlaba.Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kodaka kuyinto ehamba phambili ezigayweni zikashukela kanye neminyango yokuvikela imvelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlungi sodaka: Eqinisweni, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo nezimbiwa phansi ezidingekayo ukuze umsoco wezitshalo, amakhekhe okuhlunga asetshenziswe njengomanyolo eBrazil, India, Australia, Cuba, Pakistan, Taiwan, South Africa, Argentina nakwamanye amazwe. .Isetshenziswa esikhundleni esiphelele noma esiyingxenye somanyolo wamaminerali wokutshalwa komoba nezinye izitshalo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, udaka luyinto eyisisekelo yokukhiqizwa kwe-bio-soil, ehlanganiswe nezinsalela zemfucumfucu ewuketshezi ekhiqizwa ekusebenzeni kwezitsha.
Inani lodaka njengento yokwenza umquba.
Isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kukashukela nokuhlunga udaka (amaphesenti angama-65 okuqukethwe kwamanzi) cishe 10:3, okungukuthi amathani ayi-10 okukhiqizwa kukashukela angakhiqiza ithani elingu-1 lodaka lokuhlunga elomile.Ingqikithi yokukhiqizwa kukashukela emhlabeni wonke ngo-2015 yayingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-117.2, kanti iBrazil, iNdiya neChina yenza amaphesenti angu-75 okukhiqizwa komhlaba.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi iNdiya ikhiqiza amathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-520 odaka lokuhlunga ngonyaka.Ngaphambi kokuthi sazi ukuphatha i-sludge slag endaweni ezungezile, kufanele sifunde kabanzi mayelana nokwakheka kwayo ukuze sithole isisombululo esingcono kakhulu!
Izici ezingokoqobo kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali odaka lokuhlunga umoba: .
| Cha. | Amapharamitha. | Inani. |
| 1. | Ph. | 4.95 % |
| 2. | Okuqinile okuphelele. | 27.87 % |
| 3. | Okuqinile okuphelele okuguquguqukayo. | 84.00 % |
| 4. | I-COD | 117.60 % |
| 5. | BOD (izinga lokushisa 27 degrees C, izinsuku ezi-5) | 22.20 % |
| 6. | Ikhabhoni ye-organic. | 48.80 % |
| 7. | Izinto eziphilayo. | 84.12 % |
| 8. | I-nitrogen. | 1.75 % |
| 9. | Phosphorus. | 0.65 % |
| 10. | I-potassium. | 0.28 % |
| 11. | Isodium. | 0.18 % |
| 12. | I-calcium. | 2.70 % |
| 13. | I-sulfate. | 1.07 % |
| 14. | Ushukela. | 7.92 % |
| 15. | I-wax namafutha. | 4.65 % |
Kusukela phezulu, ngaphezu kuka-20-25% wekhabhoni ephilayo, udaka luqukethe nenani elikhulu lomkhondo nama-micronutrients.Udaka lucebile futhi nge-potassium, i-sodium ne-phosphorus.Icebile nge-phosphorus kanye nemithombo yemvelo enomswakama omkhulu, okwenza kube umanyolo obalulekile womquba!Ukuthi akucutshunguliwe noma akucutshunguliwe.Izinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhulisa inani likamanyolo zihlanganisa ukwenza umquba, ukwelashwa ngamagciwane, kanye nokuxuba namanzi angcolile e-distillery...
Inqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-organic for sludge kanye nama-molasses.
Umquba.
Udaka lokuqala lwesihlungi sikashukela (87.8%), i-carbon material (9.5%) njengempushana yotshani, impushana yotshani, i-gerrm bran, i-wheat bran, i-safflow, sawdust, njll., ama-molasses (0.5%), i-mono-superphosphate I-asidi (2.0%) ), udaka lwesibabule (0.2%), njll. luxutshwe kahle futhi lunqwabelene cishe amamitha angu-20 ngaphezu komhlaba, amamitha angu-2.3-2.5 ububanzi, namamitha angaba ngu-2.6 ukuphakama ngobude obuyindilinga.Ithiphu: Ububanzi bobude bomgwaqo womoya kufanele bufane nedatha yepharamitha yeloli lomquba olisebenzisayo.
Nikeza isikhathi esanele sokuthi inqwaba ivubele kahle futhi ibole, inqubo ethatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-14-21.Ngesikhathi sokwenza umquba, gudluza phezu kwenqwaba bese ufafaza amanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu ukuze ugcine umswakama ongu-50-60%.I-dumper iqinisekisa ukufana kanye nokuxuba okuphelele kwezinqwaba ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza umquba.Ithiphu: I-dumper isetshenziselwa ukuxuba iyunifomu kanye nokulahla ngokushesha emuva, futhi iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekukhiqizeni umanyolo wemvelo.
Qaphela: Uma umswakama uphezulu kakhulu, isikhathi sokuvutshelwa sidinga ukwelulwa.Ngokuphambene, okuqukethwe kwamanzi aphansi kungase kubangele ukuvutshelwa okungaphelele.Ngingabona kanjani uma umquba ubolile?Umquba obolile ubonakala ngokuma okuxekethile, okumpunga-nsundu, awunaphunga, kanti umquba uhambisana nezinga lokushisa lendawo ezungezile.Umswakama womquba ungaphansi kwama-20%.
I-Granulation.
Umquba obolile ube usuthunyelwa enqubweni yegranulation - umshini omusha we-organic fertilizer granulation.
Ukomisa.
Lapha, ama-molasses (0.5% wesamba sempahla eluhlaza) kanye namanzi afuthwa ngaphambi kokungena endaweni yokomisa ukwenza izinhlayiya.Umshini wokomisa i-tumble usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokomisa ngokomzimba ukwenza izinhlayiya emazingeni okushisa angama-240-250 degrees C futhi unciphise umswakama ube ngu-10%.
Ukuhlola.
Ngemuva kwe-granulation, thumela kunqubo yokuhlola - i-roller sieve extender.Usayizi ojwayelekile wama-bioferts kufanele ube ngu-5mm ububanzi bokubumba izinhlayiyana nokusebenzisa.Izinhlayiya ezinkulu kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane zibuyela enqubweni ye-granulation.
Ukupakisha.
Izinhlayiya ezihambisana nosayizi zithunyelwa kwinqubo yokupakisha - umshini wokupakisha othomathikhi, ngokugcwaliswa okuzenzakalelayo kwezikhwama, umkhiqizo wokugcina uthunyelwa ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Izici nemisebenzi yomanyolo wemvelo wodaka lokuhlunga.
- Ukumelana okuphezulu nezifo:
Enkambweni yokwelashwa kwe-sludge, ama-microorganisms akhula ngokushesha, akhiqize inani elikhulu lama-antibiotics, ama-hormone namanye ama-metabolites athile.Ukufaka umanyolo emhlabathini kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukukhula kwamagciwane nokhula futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nezinambuzane nezifo.Udaka olumanzi alulashwa futhi lungadlulisela kalula amagciwane, imbewu yokhula namaqanda ezitshalweni, kuphazamise ukukhula kwazo.
- Ukukhuluphala okuphezulu:
Njengoba isikhathi sokuvutshelwa siyizinsuku ezingu-7-15 kuphela, ngangokunokwenzeka ukugcina izakhi zodaka zesihlungi, ngokubola kwama-microorganisms, kunzima ukumunca izinto zibe izakhi ezisebenzayo.Umanyolo wemvelo ohlungwe ngodaka ungagcwalisa ngokushesha imisoco edingekayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukamanyolo.
- Thuthukisa ukuvunda komhlabathi futhi uthuthukise umhlabathi:
Uma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside umanyolo olulodwa, kancane kancane kudla umhlabathi okuzala, ukuze amagciwane inhlabathi ukunciphisa, ukuze okuqukethwe enzyme kuyancipha, umonakalo colloidal, okuholela inhlabathi ukuqina, acidification kanye salinization.Umanyolo wodaka ohlungiwe ungahlanganisa kabusha isihlabathi, uxege ubumba, uvimbele amagciwane, ubuyisele indawo ezungezile yemvelo enhlabathini, uthuthukise ukungeneka kwenhlabathi, futhi uthuthukise amandla okugcina umswakama nezakhamzimba.
- Ukuthuthukisa isivuno nekhwalithi:
Izakhamzimba zomanyolo owenziwe ngodaka ohluzwayo zimuncwa ohlelweni lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe kanye nezinhlobo eziqinile zamaqabunga esitshalo, okuthuthukisa ukuhluma, ukukhula, ukuqhakaza, ukuhluma nokuvuthwa kwesilimo.Ithuthukisa kakhulu ukubukeka nombala wemikhiqizo yezolimo futhi yandise ubumnandi bomoba nezithelo.Umanyolo we-bio-organic wodaka ungasetshenziswa njengomanyolo oyisisekelo, ngenkathi yokukhula, inani elincane lokufaka isicelo lingahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhula kwezitshalo, ukufeza ukuphathwa nokusetshenziswa kwezinhloso zomhlaba.
- Isetshenziswa kakhulu:
Umoba, ubhanana, izihlahla zezithelo, amakhabe, imifino, itiye, izimbali, amazambane, ugwayi, ukudla, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-22-2020