Kunjaniumanyolokukhiqizwa?
Umanyolo ukhiqizwa ngokuhlanganisa noma ukuhlanza izinto zemvelo.Umanyolo ojwayelekile wokwenziwa uhlanganisa i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potash.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zalawa manyolo zitholakala ku-petroleum, amaminerali kanye nemithombo yemvelo.Umanyolo we-nitrogen ukhiqizwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali e-ammonia yegesi, umanyolo we-phosphate utholwa ngokwelashwa ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kwe-phosphate ore, kanti umanyolo we-potassium utholwa ngokwelashwa ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kwe-potash ore.Kukhona futhi umanyolo we-biomass, onjengomanyolo wemvelo kanye nomquba womquba, osuselwa ezintweni eziphilayo.
Umanyolo ohlanjululwe ngokwemvelo, njenge-stone phosphorus, i-sodium sulfate, ne-nitrate ye-sodium, ikhishwa ngokuqondile kumaminerali emvelo noma ihlanzwa ngezindlela ezingokwenyama noma zamakhemikhali.
Izinto eziyingozi, njenge-ammonia ne-hydrogen sulfide, zingase zikhiqizwe lapho kukhiqizwa umanyolo, okudingeka uphathwe futhi uhambisane nezindinganiso zikazwelonke zokuvikela imvelo.Ukukhethwa nokusetshenziswa komanyolo wamakhemikhali kudingeka kulandele ifomula yenhlabathi kanye nezidingo zezitshalo.Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kuzoba nemiphumela emibi emhlabathini nasendaweni ezungezile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wamakhemikhali nakho kudingeka kulandele inani elinqunyiwe lokuvundisa kanye nesikhathi sokuvundisa, futhi ukulungiswa kokuvundiswa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nohlobo lwenhlabathi, indawo, isimo sezulu nezinye izici ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuvundisa.Enqubweni yokuvundisa, izindaba ezinjengokuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwazo kufanele zibhekwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umanyolo wamakhemikhali awungcolisi imvelo noma uphazamise impilo yomuntu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni yamuva, ukuze kuxazululwe umthelela omubi womanyolo wamakhemikhali emvelweni nempilo yabantu, kuye kwahlongozwa indlela ebizwa nge-organic Agriculture, etholakala ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa umanyolo we-organic, ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlabathi, nokuphathwa kwamapulazi. .Izinhloso zokukhiqiza ezisebenzayo nezingangeni imvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe zikamanyolo nazo zisathuthukiswa, njengama-fertilizer e-biochar, ama-microbial fertilizer, kanye nomanyolo okhipha izitshalo.Imisoco yezitshalo inikeza umnikelo ozinzile futhi ohlala isikhathi eside.
Ngamafuphi, umanyolo wamakhemikhali uwumthombo obalulekile wokudla okunomsoco ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wamakhemikhali kufanele kubhekwe izindaba zemvelo kanye nempilo yabantu, futhi kufanele kwamukelwe izixazululo eziphelele ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwezolimo nokuvikela imvelo kanye nemvelo. impilo yomuntu ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Yiziphi izivundisi ezi-4 eziphambili?
Izivundisi ezi-4 eziyinhloko yi-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potash ne-calcium.
1.Umanyolo we-nitrogen: I-nitrogen ingenye yezakhi ezibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ezingakhuthaza ukukhula kweziqu namaqabunga ezitshalo.Umanyolo ojwayelekile we-nitrogen uhlanganisa umanyolo we-ammonia nitrogen, ammonium nitrate, urea nokunye.
2.Umanyolo we-Phosphorus: I-Phosphorus iyisakhi esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zezitshalo kanye nokuzala, futhi ingakhuthaza ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezitshalo.Umanyolo ojwayelekile we-phosphate uhlanganisa i-diamonium phosphate, i-triammonium phosphate, ne-sodium phosphate.
3.Umanyolo we-Potassium: I-Potassium iyisakhi esibalulekile sokuvuthwa kwezithelo zezitshalo kanye nokumelana nokucindezeleka, futhi ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwezithelo zezitshalo kanye nokuthela.Umanyolo ojwayelekile we-potassium uhlanganisa i-potassium chloride ne-potassium sulfate.
4.Umanyolo we-calcium: I-calcium iyisici esibalulekile ekuzinzeni kwesakhiwo sodonga lwamaseli ezitshalo kanye nezakhi zofuzo, esiza izitshalo ukumelana nezifo futhi zivumelane nemvelo.Umanyolo ojwayelekile we-calcium uhlanganisa i-lime ne-calcium carbonate.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-11-2023