Kunamapulazi amaningi ezimvu e-Australia, New Zealand, America, England, France, Canada nakwamanye amazwe amaningi.Yebo, ikhiqiza ubulongwe bezimvu abaningi kakhulu.Ziyizinto ezinhle zokukhiqiza umanyolo we-organic.Kungani?Izinga lomquba wezimvu lingelokuqala ekufuyweni kwemfuyo.Ukukhetha ifolishi yezimvu imiqumbe, utshani obuthambile, izimbali namaqabunga aluhlaza, okuyizingxenye zokugxilisa initrogen.
Ukuhlaziywa Komsoco
Umquba wezimvu omusha uqukethe u-0.46% we-phosphorus kanye no-0.23% we-potassium, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kungu-0.66%.I-phosphorus ne-potassium yayo iyafana neminye imiquba yezilwane.Okuqukethwe kwe-organic matter kufika ku-30%, kude kakhulu kunomunye umquba wezilwane.Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kokuqukethwe kubulongwe benkomo.Ngakho-ke, uma kufakwa inani elifanayo lomquba wezimvu emhlabathini, ukusebenza kahle komanyolo kuphakeme kakhulu kunomunye umquba wezilwane.Umphumela wawo womanyolo uyashesha futhi ufanelekile ukugqoka okuphezulu, kodwa ngemva kwalokhoukuvutshelwa okubolilenomaimbudumbudu, kungenjalo kulula ukushisa izithombo.
Izimvu ziyalusa, kodwa azivamile ukuphuza amanzi, ngakho ubulongwe bezimvu buyomile futhi bulungile.Inani lendle nalo lincane kakhulu.Umquba wezimvu, njengomanyolo oshisayo, ungomunye wobulongwe bezilwane phakathi komquba wamahhashi kanye nobulongwe benkomo.Ubulongwe bezimvu buqukethe izakhamzimba ezinothe uma kuqhathaniswa.Kokubili kulula ukuhlukana kube izakhamzimba ezisebenzayo ezingamuncwa, kodwa futhi zibe nemisoco enzima ukubola.Ngakho-ke, umanyolo wezimvu wezimvu uyinhlanganisela yomanyolo osebenza ngokushesha futhi osebenza kancane, ofanele ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi ehlukahlukene.Umquba wezimvu byukuvutshelwa kwe-bio-fertilizeramagciwane enza umquba ukuvutshelwa, futhi ngemva kokuphihlizwa kotshani, amagciwane ayinkimbinkimbi ezinto eziphilayo ayanyakaza ngokulinganayo, bese kuba ukuvutshelwa kwe-aerobic, anaerobic ukuze abe umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo osebenza kahle.
Okuqukethwe kwe-organic matter emfucumfucwini yezimvu kwakungama-24% - 27%, okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kungu-0.7% - 0.8%, okuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus kungu-0.45% - 0.6%, okuqukethwe kwe-potassium kungu-0.3% - 0.6%, okuqukethwe izinto eziphilayo ezimvini 5%, nitrogen okuqukethwe 1.3% kuya 1.4%, phosphorus kancane kakhulu, potassium inothe kakhulu, kuze kufike ku-2.1% kuya ku-2.3%.
Inqubo Yokwenza Umquba Wezimvu / Ukuvutshelwa:
1. Hlanganisa ubulongwe bezimvu kanye nengcosana yempushana yotshani.Inani lempushana yotshani lincike kumswakama womquba wezimvu.I-composting evamile / ukuvutshelwa kudinga u-45% womswakama.
2. Engeza u-3 kg webhaktheriya eyinkimbinkimbi yebhayoloji kwithani elingu-1 lomquba wezimvu noma ithani elingu-1.5 lomquba wezimvu.Ngemuva kokuhlambulula amabhaktheriya ngesilinganiso se-1: 300, ungafafaza ngokulinganayo enqwabeni yomanyolo wezimvu.Engeza inani elifanele lommbila, utshani bommbila, utshani obomile, njll.
3. Izobe ifakwe okuhleumxube womanyoloukugqugquzela izinto eziphilayo.Ukuxuba kufanele kufane, kungashiyi ibhulokhi.
4. Ngemva kokuxuba zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa, ungenza inqwaba yomquba we-windrow.Ububanzi benqwaba buyi-2.0-3.0 m, ukuphakama kuka-1.5-2.0 m.Ngokuqondene nobude, ngaphezu kuka-5 m kungcono.Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-55 ℃, ungasebenzisaumshini wokujika umquba we-windrowukuyiphendula.
Qaphela: kunezici ezithile ezihlobene neyakhoukwenza umquba wezimvu, njengezinga lokushisa, isilinganiso se-C/N, inani le-pH, umoya-mpilo nokuqinisekisa, njll.
5. Umquba uzokhuphuka izinga lokushisa izinsuku ezi-3, izinsuku ezi-5 ungabi naphunga, izinsuku eziyi-9 uxege, izinsuku eziyi-12 zibe nephunga elimnandi, izinsuku eziyi-15 zokubola.
a.Ngosuku lwesithathu, izinga lokushisa lenqwaba yomquba likhuphuka lifike ku-60℃-80℃, libulale i-E. coli, amaqanda nezinye izifo zezitshalo kanye nezinambuzane.
b.Ngosuku lwesihlanu, iphunga lomquba wezimvu liyasuswa.
c.Ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye, i-composting iyaxega futhi yome, imbozwe nge-hyphae emhlophe.
d.Ngosuku lokuqala lweshumi nambili, ikhiqiza ukunambitheka kwewayini;
e.Ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu, ubulongwe bezimvu buvuthwa.
Uma wenza umquba obolile wezimvu, ungawuthengisa noma uwugcobe engadini yakho, epulazini, engadini yakho yezithelo, njll.ukukhiqizwa kukamanyolo ophilayo okujulile.
Umquba Wezimvu Commercial Organic Granules Production
Ngemuva kokwenza umquba, izinto zokusetshenziswa zikamanyolo we-organic zithunyelwa ku-i-semi-wet material crusherukuchoboza.Bese wengeza ezinye izakhi ku-composting (i-nitrogen ehlanzekile, i-phosphorus pentoxide, i-potassium chloride, i-ammonium chloride, njll.) ukuze uhlangabezane nezindinganiso ezidingekayo zomsoco, bese uxuba izinto.Sebenzisauhlobo olusha lwe-organic fertilizer granulatorukwenza i-granulate izinto zibe yizinhlayiya.Yomisa futhi upholise izinhlayiya.Sebenzisaumshini wokuhlolaukwenza ukuhlukanisa ama-granules ajwayelekile nangafaneleki.Imikhiqizo efanelekayo ingapakishwa ngokuqondile ngeumshini wokupakisha othomathikhifuthi ama-granules angafaneleki azobuyiselwa ku-crusher ukuze afakwe kabusha.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo wezimvu wonke wezimvu ingahlukaniswa ibe i-composting- crushing- mixing- granulating- drying- cooling- screening- packaging.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zolayini wokukhiqiza umanyolo we-organic (kusuka kokuncane kuye esikalini esikhulu) ozikhethele wona.
Isicelo Sokuhlanganisa Umanyolo Wezimvu Wezimvu
1. Umquba wezimvu ukubola organic fertilizerihamba kancane, ngakho ifaneleka kumanyolo wesisekelo.Inomphumela okhulayo wesivuno ezitshalweni.Kungaba ngcono ngenhlanganisela kamanyolo ophilayo oshisayo.Uma ifakwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi futhi enamathela kakhulu, ingafinyelela ukuthuthukiswa kokuvunda, kodwa futhi ithuthukise umsebenzi we-enzyme yenhlabathi.
2. Umanyolo we-organic uqukethe imisoco ehlukahlukene edingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lemikhiqizo yezolimo, ukugcina izidingo zokudla okunomsoco.
3. Umanyolo we-organic uyinzuzo ye-metabolism yenhlabathi, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-biological yenhlabathi, ukwakheka kanye nezakhi.
4. Ithuthukisa ukumelana nesomiso, ukumelana nokubanda, ukukhipha usawoti emanzini kanye nokumelana nosawoti kanye nokumelana nezifo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-18-2021