Ukwelashwa okuphusile kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle komquba wemfuyo kungaletha imali eningi kubalimi abaningi, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise izinga lemboni yabo.
Umanyolo we-biological organiciwuhlobo lukamanyolo olunemisebenzi kamanyolo we-microbial kanye nomanyolo we-organic, otholakala ikakhulukazi ezinsalela zezilwane nezitshalo (njengomquba wemfuyo, utshani bezitshalo, njll.) futhi uhlanganiswa nokwelashwa okungenangozi.
Lokhu kunquma ukuthi umanyolo we-biological organic unezingxenye ezimbili: (1) umsebenzi othize wama-microorganisms.(2) udoti ophathwayo.
(1) I-microorganism ethile esebenzayo
Ama-microorganisms athile asebenzayo kumanyolo we-biological organic ngokuvamile abhekisela kuma-microorganisms, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhaktheriya, isikhunta kanye nama-actinomycetes, angakhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zomhlabathi kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo ngemva kokufakwa emhlabathini.Imisebenzi ethize ingahlukaniswa kanje:
1.I-nitrogen-fixing bacteria: (1) amagciwane alungisa i-nitrogen-symbiotic: ikakhulukazi i-leguminous crop rhizobia njengalezi: i-rhizobia, i-nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, izithombo ze-ammonia-fixing rhizobia ezingapheli, njll.;Amabhaktheriya alungisa i-nitrogen e-non-legumious plant njenge-Franklinella, i-Cyanobacteria, ukusebenza kahle kwawo kokulungiswa kwe-nitrogen kuphezulu.② Ibhaktheriya elilungisa i-nitrogen elizenzakalelayo: njengamabhaktheriya ansundu alungisa i-nitrogen ayindilinga, amagciwane e-photosynthetic, njll. (3) Amagciwane ahlanganisa i-nitrogen: ibhekisela kumagciwane angaba nesizungu kuphela lapho ehlala empandeni nasezindaweni zamaqabunga ze-rhizosphere yezitshalo. , njenge-Pseudomonas genus, i-lipogenic nitrogen-fixing helicobacteria, njll.
2.Phosphorus dissolving (dissolving) fungus: Bacillus (njenge Bacillus megacephalus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus humilus, njll.), Pseudomonas (njenge Pseudomonas fluorescens), amagciwane ane-Nitrogen-fixed, Rhizobium, Thiosperoxypus, Peeudomonas, Rhizobium, Tiosperobaxidanum, Rhizobium, Rhizobium. , Streptomyces, njll.
3.I-Dissolved (encibilikisiwe) amagciwane e-potassium: amabhaktheriya e-silicate (njenge-colloid Bacillus, i-colloid Bacillus, i-cyclosporillus), i-non-silicate potassium amagciwane.
4.Ama-Antibiotics: I-Trichoderma (njenge-Trichoderma harzianum), i-actinomycetes (njenge-Streptomyces flatus, i-Streptomyces sp. sp.), i-Pseudomonas fluorescens, i-Bacillus polymyxa, izinhlobo ze-Bacillus subtilis, njll.
5.Amagciwane akhuthaza ukukhula kwe-rhizosphere kanye nesikhunta esikhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo.
6.Amabhaktheriya epulatifomu ekhanyayo: izinhlobo eziningana zohlobo lwe-Pseudomonas gracilis kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zohlobo lwe-Pseudomonas gracilis.Lezi zinhlobo zingamagciwane e-aerobic ane-facultative angakhula phambi kwe-hydrogen futhi alungele ukukhiqizwa komanyolo we-biological organic.
7.Amagciwane okukhiqiza amelana nezinambuzane futhi anda: I-Beauveria bassiana, i-Metarhizium anisopliae, i-Phylloidase, i-Cordyceps ne-Bacillus.
8. Amagciwane okubola kwe-cellulose: i-thermophilic lateral spora, i-Trichoderma, i-Mucor, njll.
9.Amanye ama-microorganisms asebenzayo: ngemva kokuba ama-microorganisms engene emhlabathini, angakhipha izinto ezisebenzayo ze-physiological ukuze zikhuthaze futhi zilawule ukukhula kwezitshalo.Ezinye zazo zinomphumela wokuhlanzwa kanye nokubola kubuthi benhlabathi, njengemvubelo namabhaktheriya e-lactic acid.
2) Izinto eziphilayo ezitholakala ezinsalela zezilwane ezibolile.Izinto eziphilayo ngaphandle kokuvutshelwa, azikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukwenza umanyolo, nazo azikwazi ukungena emakethe.
Ukuze wenze amabhaktheriya axhumane ngokugcwele nempahla eluhlaza futhi afinyelele ukuvutshelwa okuphelele, anganyakaziswa ngokulinganayo ngokusebenzisa compost umshini wokujikanjengoba ngezansi:
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu eziphilayo
(1) Indle: inkukhu, ingulube, inkomo, imvu, ihhashi nobunye ubulongwe bezilwane.
(2) Utshani: utshani bommbila, utshani, utshani lukakolweni, ubhontshisi wesoya nezinye iziqu zezitshalo.
(3) ikhoba nogwaja.I-rice husk powder, i-peanut husk powder, impushana yesithombo samantongomane, i-rice bran, i-fungus bran, njll.
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(5) isidlo sekhekhe.Ikhekhe likabhontshisi wesoya, ubhontshisi wesoya, uwoyela, ikhekhe le-rapeseed, njll.
(6) Olunye udaka lwasekhaya, udaka lwesisefo sokuhluza ushukela, udaka lukashukela, i-bagasse, njll.
Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zingasetshenziswa njengezakhi ezisizayo zomsocoukukhiqizwa komanyolo we-biological organicngemva kokuvutshelwa.
Ngama-microorganisms athile kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezibolile lezi zimo ezimbili zingenziwa ngomanyolo we-biological organic.
1) Indlela yokwengeza eqondile
1, khetha amabhaktheriya athile amancane: angasetshenziswa njengohlobo olulodwa noma ezimbili, okungenani izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezintathu, ngoba ukukhetha okuningi kwamagciwane, kuncintisana ngezakhi phakathi komunye nomunye, kuholela ngqo ekusebenzeni ngokubambisana kwe-offset.
2. Ukubalwa kwenani lokwengeza: ngokusho kwe-NY884-2012 ejwayelekile yomanyolo we-bio-organic e-China, inani elisebenzayo lamabhaktheriya aphilayo omanyolo we-bio-organic kufanele afinyelele ku-0.2 million / g.Kuthoni elilodwa lezinto eziphilayo, ngaphezu kwe-2 kg yama-microorganisms athile asebenzayo anenani elisebenzayo lamabhaktheriya aphilayo ≥10 billion/g kufanele kwengezwe.Uma inani lamabhaktheriya aphilayo liyi-1 bhiliyoni / g, ngaphezu kwe-20 kg kuzodingeka yengezwe, njalonjalo.Amazwe ahlukene kufanele engeze ngokufanelekile ngemibandela ehlukene.
3. Indlela yokwengeza: Faka ibhaktheriya elisebenzayo (impushana) ezintweni eziphilayo ezivutshiwe ngokwendlela ephakanyiswe encwadini yokusebenza, igovuze ngokulinganayo bese uyipakisha.
4. Izinyathelo zokuqapha: (1) Ungamiswe ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ngaphezu kuka-100℃, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzobulala amagciwane asebenzayo.Uma kudingekile ukomisa, kufanele kwengezwe ngemva kokumisa.(2) Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, okuqukethwe kwamagciwane kumanyolo we-biological organic olungiselelwe indlela yokubala ejwayelekile ngokuvamile akufiki kudatha efanelekile, ngakho-ke lapho kulungiswa, ama-microorganisms asebenzayo ngokuvamile anezelwa ngaphezu kuka-10% ngaphezu kwedatha efanelekile. .
2) indlela yesibili yokuguga kanye nokwandisa isiko
Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokwengeza ngokuqondile, le ndlela inenzuzo yokonga izindleko zamagciwane.Okubi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuyadingeka ukuze kutholwe inani lamagciwane athile azokwengezwa, kuyilapho wengeza inqubo encane eyengeziwe.Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi inani elingeziwe libe ngu-20% noma ngaphezulu kwendlela yokwengeza ngokuqondile futhi lifinyelele izinga likazwelonke likamanyolo wezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo ngokusebenzisa indlela yesibili yokuguga.Izinyathelo zokusebenza zimi kanje:
1. Khetha i-microbial bacteria ethile (impuphu): ingaba uhlobo olulodwa noma ezimbili, okungenani hhayi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezintathu, ngoba amagciwane amaningi akhethayo, aqhudelana ngezakhi phakathi komunye nomunye, aholele ngqo emthelela we-offset yamagciwane ahlukene.
2. Ukubalwa kwenani lokwengeza: ngokwezinga likamanyolo we-bio-organic e-China, inani elisebenzayo lamabhaktheriya aphilayo omanyolo we-bio-organic kufanele afinyelele ku-0.2 million / g.Kuthoni eyodwa yezinto eziphilayo, inani elisebenzayo lamabhaktheriya aphilayo ≥10 billion/g we-microbial ethile esebenzayo (powder) kufanele yengezwe okungenani i-0.4 kg.Uma inani lamabhaktheriya aphilayo liyi-1 bhiliyoni / g, okungaphezu kuka-4 kg kuzodingeka kwengezwe, njalonjalo.Amazwe ahlukene kufanele alandele izindinganiso ezihlukene zokwengeza okunengqondo.
3. Indlela yokwengeza: i-bacterial esebenzayo (impuphu) kanye ne-bran kakolweni, i-rice husk powder, i-bran noma enye yazo ukuze kuxutshwe, engeza ngokuqondile ezintweni eziphilayo ezivutshiwe, ukuxuba ngokulinganayo, kuhlanganiswe izinsuku ezingu-3-5 ukwenza okuthile. amabhaktheriya asebenzayo azizabalalisa.
4. Ukulawulwa komswakama nokushisa: ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa kwe-stacking, umswakama nokushisa kufanele kulawulwe ngokuvumelana nezici zebhayoloji zamabhaktheriya asebenzayo.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, ukuphakama kwe-stacking kufanele kuncishiswe.
5. Ukutholwa kokuqukethwe kwamagciwane athile asebenzayo: ngemuva kokuphela kokupakishwa, ukusampula nokuthumela esikhungweni esinekhono lokubona amagciwane ukuze kuhlolwe okokuqala ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamagciwane athile kungahlangabezana yini nezinga, uma kungafezwa, ungenza umanyolo we-biological organic. ngale ndlela.Uma lokhu kungafinyelelwa, khulisa inani elingeziwe lebhaktheriya elithile elisebenzayo liye ku-40% wendlela yokwengeza ngokuqondile futhi uphinde ukuhlola kuze kube impumelelo.
6. Izinyathelo zokuqapha: Ungamiswe ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ngaphezu kuka-100℃, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzobulala amagciwane asebenzayo.Uma kudingekile ukomisa, kufanele kwengezwe ngemva kokumisa.
Kweukukhiqizwa komanyolo we-bio-organicngemva kokuvutshelwa, ngokuvamile kuyimpuphu, evame ukundiza nomoya ngenkathi eyomile, okubangela ukulahlekelwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nokungcoliswa kothuli.Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe uthuli futhi kuvinjwe ikhekhe,inqubo ye-granulationivame ukusetshenziswa.Ungasebenzisai-granulator yezinyo elinyakazayoesithombeni esingenhla ukuze uthole i-granulation, ingasetshenziswa ku-humic acid, i-carbon black, i-kaolin nokunye okunzima ukuhlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-18-2021